Community | October 11, 2009 | 6 comments

The WHO's rankings are Bullshit. The U.S. does NOT rank 37th in the world.

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bullpcp
The Who rankings are Bullshit. The U.S. does NOT rank 37th in the world.
I'm tired of people using this meaningless statistic to argue for health care reform. While I agree the U.S. is in desperate need of health care reform that has absolutely nothing to do with the validity of this ranking system.

Factors for measuring the quality of health care
The WHO health care rankings result from an index of health-related statistics. As with any index, it is important to consider how it was constructed, as the construction affects the results. WHO’s index is based on five factors, weighted as follows:3
1 Health Level: 25 percent
2 Health Distribution: 25 percent
3 Responsiveness: 12.5 percent
4 Responsiveness Distribution: 12.5 percent
5 Financial Fairness: 25 percent
The first and third factors have reasonably good justifications for inclusion in the index.

Health level
This factor can most justifiably be included because it is measured by a country’s disability-adjusted life expectancy (DALE). Of course, life expectancy can be affected by a wide variety of factors other than the health care system, such as poverty, geography, homicide rate, typical diet, tobacco use, and so on. Still, DALE is at least a direct measure of the health of a country’s residents, so its inclusion makes sense.

Responsiveness
This factor measures a variety of health care system features, including speed of service, protection of privacy, choice of doctors, and quality of amenities (e.g., clean hospital bed linens). Although those features may not directly contribute to longer life expectancy, people do consider them aspects of the quality of health care services, so there is a strong case for including them.
The other three factors, however, are problematic.

Financial fairness
A health system’s financial fairness (FF) is measured by determining a household’s contribution to health expenditure as a percentage of household income (beyond subsistence), then looking at the dispersion of this percentage over all households. The wider the dispersion in the percentage of household income spent on health care, the worse a nation will perform on the FF factor and the overall index (other things being equal).
In the aggregate, poor people spend a larger percentage of income on health care than do the rich. Insofar as health care is regarded as a necessity, people can be expected to spend a decreasing fraction of their income on health care as their income increases. The same would be true of food, except that the rich tend to buy higher quality food.
The FF factor is not an objective measure of health attainment, but rather reflects a value judgment that rich people should pay more for health care, even if they consume the same amount. This is a value judgment not applied to most other goods, even those regarded as necessities such as food and housing. Most people understand and accept that the poor will tend to spend a larger percentage of their income on these items.
More importantly, the FF factor, which accounts for a quarter of each nation’s OA score, necessarily makes countries that rely on market incentives look inferior. The FF measure rewards nations that finance health care according to ability to pay, rather than according to actual consumption or willingness to pay. In most countries, a household’s tax burden is proportional to income, or progressive (i.e., taxes consume an increasing share of income as income rises). Thus, a nation’s FF score rises when the government shoulders more of the health spending burden, because more of the nation’s medical expenditures are financed according to ability to pay. In the extreme, if the government pays for all health care, then the distribution of the health spending burden is exactly the same as the distribution of the tax burden. To use the existing WHO rankings to justify more government involvement in health care – such as via a singlepayer health care system – is therefore to engage in circular reasoning
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6 comments // The WHO's rankings are Bullshit. The U.S. does NOT rank 37th in the world.

  • Dom_Struss
    • 0
      Dom_Struss  
    • We pay twice per capita what other countries pay....and we get the same level of care....and we don't have universal coverage. What don't you understand? We live under corporate tyranny. Apparently, you like that.

    • 8 months ago
  • bullpcp
    • 0
      bullpcp  
    • Please actually read the report. It does a fair job explaining how the rankings are determined and whether you are for or against health care reform knowing the ranking methodology should help.

    • 2 years ago
  • edbr
    • 0
      edbr  
    • "The FF factor is not an objective measure of health attainment, but rather reflects a value judgment that rich people should pay more for health care, even if they consume the same amount."

      No. The FF index provides a measurement which considers the fact that the impoverished will forego health services in order to pay for necessities, such as rent and food. Do you think an impoverished middle-aged mother would spend 30% of her monthly income on a mammogram, knowing that money would come from rent and her family's food funds? That's what the FF index accounts for. I call bullshit on your bullshit call.

    • 2 years ago
  • bullpcp
    • 0
      bullpcp  
    • edbr:

      You do realize you just proved my point?

      You are basically stating the FF measures fairness as it applies to ones ability to pay for medical care. You could use the same logic to prove the that our current system of distribution for water, food, mortgage, or car insurance is inherently unfair because it takes a larger portion of income as you make less but it says nothing about the efficiency or efficacy of the goods and services. What people generally mean when they hear we are #37 in the world they are thinking about health outcomes not how equally distributed the payments are across the socioeconomic strata. This ranking means that if you had the WORST health care in the world in terms of health outcomes but it was equally available to all in society and they all paid equally they could beat the BEST health care in the world if it was unequally distributed and paid for unequally because these measurements of "fairness" account for 62.5% of rankings. This is essentially what has happened to the united states. Our worst health care could be better than another nations best and it would still be considered inferior because it isn't publicly funded and equally distributed. You could argue the usefulness of this report as a measure of fairness but as a measure of medical efficacy it's bullshit.

      P.S. You didn't actually read the report did you? It's 12 pages of large type and whether you agree with their conclusions or not you could at least learn about how this ranking is determined and make your case for it in the future.
      http://www.fightingdiseases.org/pdf/Trouble%20in%20the%20Ranks.pdf

    • 2 years ago
  • edbr
    • 0
      edbr  
    • edbr:

      no, i've scanned it, and i will review when i have the time.

      my point, however, is not about the details. it's about the overall intention of the report. if we want to know how 'healthy we are as a country,' i agree with the WHO's report. if we're considering our healthcare system's capabilities, technology, and efficacy, i believe we're near the top.

      my point is, if we're trying to get an accurate index of how our country is doing as a whole on healthcare, we must consider the ability for EVERYONE to get all the appropriate healthcare services. if poor people can't afford important, necessary healthcare services, we're not doing well collectively.

      perhaps i'm not seeing the forest through the trees, and i will review the report. i just personally believe that healthcare should be a universal right.

    • 2 years ago
  • copperdragon
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