Growing Calls for Moratorium on Climate Geoengineering
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- JanforGore
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Geo-engineering fixes for climate change include placing mirrors in space that reflect sunlight from the Earth. Photograph: Blue Line PicturesClimate engineering or geoengineering refers to any large-scale, human- made effort to manipulate the planet to adapt to climate change.
Representatives from Africa and Asia expressed concern about the negative impacts of geoengineering during the opening week of the 10th Conference of Parties (COP 10) to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), Oct. 18-29. They were joined by civil society organizations in calling for a moratorium on geoengineering experiments.
The geoengineering proposals include installing giant vertical pipes in the ocean to bring cold water to the surface, pumping vast amounts of sulphates into the stratosphere to block sunlight, or blowing ocean salt spray into clouds to increase their reflectivity.
Broadly speaking, there are two main geoengineering approaches: solar radiation management and carbon sequestration, in other words, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to reduce the concentration of this greenhouse-effect gas.
To manage the sun's rays, there are ideas like releasing sulphates into the atmosphere or placing giant mirrors in outer space. For absorbing carbon, the possible approaches include ocean fertilization, in which iron or nitrogen is added to seawater to stimulate the growth of phytoplankton to sequester the carbon deep in the ocean.
"Some of the proponents of these technologies think it's easier to 'manage the sun' than get people to take a bus" to reduce carbon in the atmosphere, said Pat Mooney, executive director of the ETC Group, an international environmental organization headquartered in Canada.
"Politicians in rich countries see geoengineering as 'Plan B' so they don't have to make the hard choices of reducing emissions causing climate change," Mooney told Tierramérica.
"It's a political strategy aimed at letting industrialized countries off the hook for their climate debt," he said.
No longer the realm of crackpots, geoengineering is fast becoming the subject of serious scientific discussion and commercial interest.
In 2007, Tierramérica broke a story that a U.S. company, Planktos Inc., was going to dump 100 tonnes of iron dust into the ocean near Ecuador's Galápagos Islands -- a sanctuary for studying unique species and their evolution -- without the consent of the Ecuadorian government.
If it was able to prove that the technique absorbed carbon dioxide, Planktos hoped to sell carbon credits for the carbon it sequestered. The project was stopped and the company soon ended its research in this area.
The following year the CBD agreed to a moratorium on further ocean fertilization attempts.
Earlier this year, the CBD's scientific body proposed a ban on all climate- related geoengineering activities.
However, given the ongoing failure to reach an international agreement to curb emissions of the gases causing climate change, there has been renewed scientific and political interest in these experiments.
Britain's Royal Society, a highly respected global network that includes the world's most eminent scientists, now defends geoengineering research.
"We oppose a moratorium because we don't want to restrict scientific research into geoengineering," said John Shepherd, a climate scientist at the National Oceanography Center of the University of Southampton, and Royal Society fellow.
"Climate change could get to the point of 'desperate times requiring desperate measures' and therefore we should be ready with some good research on what might help," said Shepherd, author of the 2009 Royal Society report on geoengineering.
That report concluded that such technologies may well be necessary to cool the planet if efforts to reduce carbon emissions fail.
Research is needed to determine the hazards and effectiveness of any geoengineering idea, he told Tierramérica in an interview.
"Deployment of any geoengineering now would be incredibly premature," he said, and noted that this is the current opinion of the Royal Society as well.
In November, the Royal Society will hold a symposium in London entitled "Geoengineering: Taking Control of Our Planet's Climate."
Injecting sulphates into the atmosphere is attractive to policy-makers because its costs are much lower than reducing carbon emissions, writes Clive Hamilton, of the Center for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics at Australian National University.
While acknowledging that no country advocates geoengineering, these schemes "avoid the need to raise petrol taxes, permit yet more unrestrained growth, and pose no threat to consumer lifestyles," stated Hamilton, the author of a new book on climate change titled "Requiem for a Species."
The ETC Group documents progress on various ideas to control the climate in its report, "Geopiracy: The Case Against Geoengineering," presented Oct. 19 in Nagoya. The report asks, "Who has the right to set the global thermostat?"
"Developing countries understand that they can't trust the rich countries that have failed to reduce their emissions to control the global thermostat," said Mooney.
The potential impacts on the global weather system of such attempts to cool the planet are impossible to assess, he added.
In his opinion, what is needed is a moratorium on open-air experiments in geoengineering to allow time for an international discussion about the potential biodiversity, social, and economic impacts.
Delegates in Nagoya are hotly debating the wording of a moratorium. A representative from Brazil told Tierramérica that it has become a big issue for countries like Canada that are firmly opposed to any ban or moratorium on geoengineering experiments.
Stumping for the moratorium is the ETC Group's Silvia Ribeiro, who asserted in a Tierramérica interview: "Geoengineering is not a solution to the problem of climate change. It could only be considered in an emergency and therefore can never be for-profit or part of any carbon market."
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- tags:
- Politics, Environment, Global Warming, Nature, 15 more
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kangarooman
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We are at last becoming a type 1 civilization just as Michio Kaku stated.
Mankind has long been the manipulator, a species which rather than adapt itself to the environment, adapted the environment to itself. I think it only natural that it would come to this. Its an inevitable step in mans unique journey. - 1 year ago
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kangarooman
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csmonut
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I am more along the lines of this guy when he says,
"Politicians in rich countries see geoengineering as 'Plan B' so they don't have to make the hard choices of reducing emissions causing climate change," Mooney told Tierramérica.
"It's a political strategy aimed at letting industrialized countries off the hook for their climate debt," he said.
At some point steps have to be taken to control our our pollution output. And those steps may be drastic in some areas, but what do we leave behind if we don't take those steps?
- 1 year ago
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csmonut
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im1mjrpain
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Climate Geoengineering? Isn't that what chem trails are all about?
- 1 year ago
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im1mjrpain
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JanforGore
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im1mjrpain:
So you agree that these schemes are dangerous and premature?
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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Dagum
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im1mjrpain:
Yes, but it sounds more scientific, beneficial, and friendly when you call it Geo-engineering.
Kind of like "Eugenics" sounds slightly better than "racial purification."
- 1 year ago
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Dagum
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csmonut
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im1mjrpain:
They sure are giving it a go, aren't they?
- 1 year ago
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csmonut
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pogschampion
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Dagum:
Chemtrails is like one of the ways we could geoengineer. So it's like a subset under geoengineering... There are other methods/techniques out there, which are all considered an example of "geoengineering."
But anyways, people can call it whatever they want, I guess, to make themselves feel better about it.
- 1 year ago
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pogschampion
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im1mjrpain
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http://www.prisonplanet.com/climate-fools-day-skeptics-turn-heat-on-global-warmi...
Climate Fool’s Day: Skeptics turn heat on global warming lobby
- 1 year ago
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im1mjrpain
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Saladin
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I'd imagine trying to push the climate back in the other direction with geoengineering would cause a hell of al ot more problems than it would solve.
I mean, it would be like trying to play a game of labyrinth with your elbows.
We can barely understand the ecosystem and the climate, and now we're going to try and manipulate it?
No way, we'd just screw something else up. Too many unknown factors.
- 1 year ago
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Saladin
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remanns
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Saladin:
All this tech, the modeling and coordination and systemic integrated analysis required,...ALL are in their infancy !. Check back up on it in 30, 60, and 90 years,...( if you can ), see how it progresses! You MAY be able to look up and check the current color of Mars as a quick ref. A tad early, I would think, to pass sweeping judgments.
p.s. We HAVE NOT EVEN BEGUN to "tweak" [ the ecosystem ],...er,...INTENTIONALLY.
"Accidents" have happened, I am afraid. - 1 year ago
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remanns
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JanforGore
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remanns:
In 30, 60 or 90 years we shouldn't have to check it out if we have the capacity to do what needs to be done now to avoid it coming to that, and that is possible. I think that is the point.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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remanns
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JanforGore:
These are 2 SEPARATE issues/topics. Researching the "tweaking" of ecosystems is NOT at all an excuse to be ecologically irresponsible NOW, not a bit,....nor is the current pragmatic-immediate cultural/political/ecological situation any excuse not to LOOK FORWARD. Looking forward is what a growing mind and culture is MEANT to do!
( IF,...of course,...it has a legacy in the making worth championing to begin with. ) - 1 year ago
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remanns
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JanforGore
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remanns:
Absolutely. And finally attaining a state where we actually evolve as a species to a point where such schemes that hurt our ecosystems are not necessary because we do the right thing by our planet and ourselves as a whole initially because it is right, and we finally gain the respect for nature that will sustain us and not do it for money or for ideological or political reasons is exactly where we need to go. There is nothing wrong with looking forward, matter of fact I embrace that. But that includes much more than just "technological fixes" that are untested, unproven, and unnecessary at this time. Advances in human nature unfortunately don't seem to be coinciding with this technology, and therein lies the problem. Such power and control over the entire planet by only a small group of people who were actually responsible for exacerbating the problem in the first place is a recipe in my view for disaster. There is also a whole world out here that needs to be considered when thinking of "tweaking" with ecosystems especially ones already dessimated by years of abuses because we couldn't look forward when it really mattered to do so.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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remanns
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JanforGore:
I understand and respect your reservations.
- 1 year ago
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remanns
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hunzedog
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if they really gave a shit about the planet they would cover it in hemp..
save the planet..... - 1 year ago
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hunzedog
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coolplanet
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Me must not forget that planting trees and painting your roof white are bioengineering.
At the present rate of human CO2 emissions it would require about one trillion fast growing evergreen trees like the sequoia to sequester it from the atmosphere -- that's about 450 trees per person on Earth.
Four years ago I planted a sequoia sapling one foot tall and six inches wide. Today it is 12 feet tall and six feet wide. They are the fastest growing conifer and grow in USDA zones 6 to 10 (about half the United States).
Two years ago I planted another 30 sequoia saplings (about $5 each) and 17 survived reaching heights from four to eight feet. It is when trees are young and growing that they suck the most carbon out of the air, in exchange for the oxygen they provide. I figure that right now my 18 sequoias are "evapo-transpiring" about 500 pounds of CO2 out of the air each year.
Some people object to my planting a "foreign" species here in Pennsylvania. But I remind them that the sequoia was the dominant tree in the northern hemisphere during the age of dinosaurs, even growing in the Arctic, until an asteroid wiped them out 65 million years ago.
It is good to know that people all around the world are planting this magnificent tree because at the current, rapidly accellerating rate of global warming these ancient Sequoias might soon go extinct in California.
- 1 year ago
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coolplanet
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JanforGore
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coolplanet:
Geoengineering is the intentional large-scale manipulation of the Earth’s systems by artificially changing oceans, soils and the atmosphere. Planting trees ( Non GMO) is a natural way to sequester carbon. I think there's a difference there.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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coolplanet
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JanforGore:
This was not meant as an attack on your excellent post. Actually it is your posts that made me want to join the current.com discussion.
I've been deeply concerned about global warming for almost 30 years now and it was Al Gore who first made me aware of this urgent problem in the early 1980s. I have been planting and tending trees ever since.
About five years ago James Lovelock made me aware that our climate, through positive feedback lacking in computer models, has passed the "tipping point" and that the worst-case scenerio predicted for 2100 is now happening in 2010. This is by far the worst catastrophy in human history. But I don't see any significant action being taken. I don't see people painting their roofs white or planting 500 trees to eliminate their carbon footprint. All I see is a bunch of nitpicking.
I just finished reading 'How To Cool The Planet: Geoengineering And It's Audacious Quest To Fix Earth's Climate' (Jeff Goodell, HMH 2010) which James Lovelock writes "could be the most important book written about the climate." Everyone concerned about the consequences of waiting 20+ years to begin cutting back on greenhouse gasses with clean technologies really needs to read this book! Right now wind and solar produce less than 5% of our energy, and even windmills can change weather patterns, evaporation and migration patterns. Any attempt we make at removing carbon from the atmosphere is bioengineering.
Ideas like biochar, cloud whitening and fertilizing the oceans could very well mean the difference between our survival or mass extinction within our lifetime.
We must remain open minded or we're toast!
- 1 year ago
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coolplanet
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JanforGore
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coolplanet:
I didn't see it as an attack at all. However, I don't see opposition to this as closeminded. I see actually moving now to alternate energy sources, sustainable agriculture on a larger scale including soil carbon sequestration ( which could sequester up to 40% of emissions) and actually working now to mitigate and adapt much more openminded. Again, geoengineering on the wide scale that is being contemplated is a human failure, not something to celebrate. And actually I do see people doing those things you mentioned. The problem is we don't hear about it because certain entities don't want us to. Renewable energy use is climbing, solar energy use in the US alone will double, and there are many more people understanding the health benefits of those above just mitigating global warming.
The doom and gloom assessed on those of us who actually want levelheaded solutions that we know already work is trying to be supplanted by the same corporations working against climate progress just to make a dollar on schemes not even proven, while they attack people making a dollar for doing those levelheaded things that are and can be done now without complication to our natural processes which we need to survive.
Just like with GMOs and all other so called "solutions" that have also just caused more problems and threats to biodiversity, there aren't any studies properly done. Dotting all of our shores with huge desalination plants, nuclear plants, pits to dump the waste, mirrors reflecting sun away so that uneven portions of the Earth are depried of life giving light for plants and people, spraying aerosols into the atmosphere to cover up the fact that we are still spewing huge amounts of pollution into the atmosphere and don't have the moral will to stop will do nothing to solve this crisis.
Relying on the same people to fix it who made it is indeed a losing proposition for this planet and this species. I will not hand it all over to a select few corporations to actually think they can determine the fate of the rest of the human race. If we all put our resources towards those solutions we know work now, we may well avoid needing to risk utilizing schemes we do not know the results of.
Oh, and to edit: As I stated in this thread previously, limited use of biochar that is not regulated by carbon markets, does not contain coal ash, and can be controlled by farmers in limited scope in concert with other methods such as cover crops could be viable. I find it is already however being set up as a scheme by some companies as being equivalent to "terra preta" which was used by indigenous peoples of the Amazon, which their brand of biochar is not. That to me is disingenuous, especially since we do have ways to sequester carbon naturally. However, biochar again in limited use in areas where the chemical composition would not be a threat to soil due to its chemical composition and reactions would be viable.
And thank you for the compliment. Mr. Gore is pretty amazing as far as I am concerned and is a great inspiration to me in my life. But then, I guess you already figured that out.;-)
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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tverdell
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coolplanet: This comment was removed by its owner.
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tverdell
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pogschampion
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JanforGore:
I don't think there's a set definition for geoengineering...
I've been hitting the library and reading books about it and I've come across several definitions. Not even the dictionary has a set one for it.
But anyway, I think at some point, planting trees that may be "foreign" could disrupt the ecosystem (soil or the land). I'm not saying it's going to. But it could. So maybe there's some kind of manipulation there?
And through my readings, planting trees is a way of taking CO2 from the atmosphere and considered to be a way to geoengineer.
@ coolplanet: way to go! I'll look into planting trees as well!
- 1 year ago
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pogschampion
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pogschampion
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tverdell:
Reading "Vanishing Gaia" right now.. I think he came out with "Revenge of Gaia" or something... Did you see his video telling that we might as well give up and live our lives to the fullest cause there's no hope? It was kind of crazy... My whole class was like 0_0 what!?
- 1 year ago
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pogschampion
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CalgarC
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:D when are we gonna see this on our new site...
- 1 year ago
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CalgarC
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JanforGore
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CalgarC:
I'm getting there.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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CalgarC
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JanforGore:
YaY :D i also got help from other current users who post stories like you. i am also working up on some green tutorials
- 1 year ago
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CalgarC
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JanforGore
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CalgarC:
I promise I will get there this weekend. And thanks.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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CalgarC
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JanforGore:
take your time...
- 1 year ago
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CalgarC
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JanforGore
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http://www.biomimicryinstitute.org/
Working "with" and learning "from" nature is the only way to save this planet and ourselves and also respect the species that inhabit Earth with us. It is arrogance to think we can change nature to cover up our mistakes without any regard for the other species that inhabit this planet. Not respecting those natural processes by living within our means on this planet is also disrespecting science and the cultural heritage of all species. There is much to learn from that which we are destroying in our greed and apathy.
Of course, it isn't lucrative enough for those looking to make the big bucks off of warping science to fulfill their own agendas just as is done with religion.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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Bazinga
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JanforGore:
I think biomimicry is an amazing field and needs to be given far more importance. I'm getting my degree in bioresource engineering and will be going into bioremediation, and I want to incorporate biomimicry in my work.
- 1 year ago
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Bazinga
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JanforGore
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Bazinga:
That's wonderful. Good luck to you. And I agree. Biomimcry isn't talked about nearly as much as it should be.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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JanforGore
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http://www.etcgroup.org/en/node/5202
LEADING GEOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES:
A SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS
Stratospheric aerosols (SRM)
interruption of African and Asian monsoons, potentially affecting food supplies of up to 2 billion people(4)ozone depletion
irreversibility (sudden temperature rise if stopped)
worsening ocean acidification
reduced efficacy of solar energy generation
profiteering
militarization(5)
Cloud whitening (SRM)
altered precipitation patterns and storm tracks(6)unknown effects on marine life if executed on a vast scale
extremely energy intensive
is inherently trans-boundary
would take place over the oceans, a global commons
Ocean Fertilization (CDR)
disturbance of marine food web(7)worsening ocean acidification(8)
commercial exploitation already underway(9) production of toxic algal blooms(10)
production of harmful gases such as dimethylsulphide (DMS)
Biochar (CDR)
unsustainable land use requirements (hundreds of millions of hectares)(11)unproven claims regarding soil amendment properties(12)
puts at risk those populations depending on forests and marginal lands
attempts underway to accredit biochar on carbon markets with oil and airline industry backing(13)
Why else is Geoengineering unacceptable?
It can’t be tested: No experimental phase is possible – in order to have a noticeable impact on the climate, geoengineering must be deployed on a massive scale. “Experiments” or “field trials” are actually equivalent to deployment in the real world because small-scale tests do not deliver the data on climate effects. For people and biodiversity, impacts would likely be massive as well, and immediate and possibly irreversible.
It is unequal: OECD governments and powerful corporations (who have denied or ignored climate change and its impact on biodiversity for decades but are responsible for most of historic GHG emissions) are the ones with the budgets and the technology to execute this gamble with Gaia. There is no reason to trust that they will have the interests of more vulnerable states or peoples in mind.
It is unilateral: Although all geoengineering proposals run into the tens of billions of dollars, for rich nations and billionaires, they could be considered relatively cheap (and simple) to deploy. The capacity to act will be within the hands of those who possess the technology (individuals, corporations, states) in the next few years. It is urgent that multilateral measures are taken to ban any unilateral
It is risky and unpredictable: The side effects of geoengineered interventions are unknown. Geoengineering could easily have unintended consequences due to any number of factors: mechanical failure, human error, inadequate understanding of ecosystems and biodiversity and the Earth’s climate, unforeseen natural phenomena, irreversibility, or funding interruptions.
It violates treaties: Many geoengineering techniques have latent military purposes and their deployment would violate the UN Environmental Modification Treaty (ENMOD), which prohibits the hostile use of environmental modification.
It is the perfect excuse: Geoengineering offers governments an option other than reducing emissions and protecting biodiversity. Geoengineering research is often seen as a way to “buy time,” but it also gives governments justification to delay compensation for damage caused by climate change and to avoid taking action on emissions reduction.
It commodifies our climate and raises the spectre of climate profiteering: Those who think they have a planetary fix for the climate crisis are already flooding patent offices with patent applications. Should a “Plan B” ever be agreed upon, the prospect of it being privately held is terrifying. Serious planet-altering technologies should never be undertaken for commercial profit. If geoengineering is actually a climate emergency back-up plan, then it should not be eligible for carbon credits under the Clean Development Mechanism or any other offset system.
Why should COP 10 establish a moratorium on Geoengineering? Because without a moratorium, a few powerful governments, companies or industries who have the means to deploy geoengineering could subject the rest of the planet, its biodiversity and peoples to geoengineering’s unknown and potentially devastating effects. Real-world experiments/deployment using geoengineering technologies cannot be allowed, even less in the absence of global international debate and rules. Moratoria are a stopgap measure until the UN system gains capacity to monitor and assess new technologies.(14) A moratorium on geoengineering is essential because the risks of not having a moratorium in place are too high: Both biological and cultural diversity are already under intense pressure and climate change is making things worse. We simply cannot afford to gamble with geoengineering technologies – large-scale, dangerous, speculative – proposed by scientists, industries and governments from the countries that have the heaviest ecological footprint on Earth.
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It will also keep us enslaved to dirty energy sources as companies will claim their geoengineering schemes can counter the effects of continuing to use them. I do however see biochar as viable IF not run by a multinational only seeking to commoditize it, used on a small scale ONLY if need be and not comprised of coal ash. Cover crops actually imo are better for soil and plants. - 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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remanns
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Bah. Research does not preclude "doing something now",....and it MIGHT just save your ass in some as of yet unforeseen future. We may Geo-engineer Mars ( Terraform ) sometime in the next century or two.
- 1 year ago
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remanns
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JanforGore
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remanns:
What might save my ass? If we need to go to those extremes in the future our asses are already cooked.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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remanns
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JanforGore:
Not "your" ass,....or "my" ass for that matter; the ECO SYSTEM itself, say 78 years from now after that mega-meteor strike. Or after the runaway synthetic algae bloom,....that sort of UNANTICIPATED calamity. BIG SCALE thinking and exploration has utility,....if not NOW,....perhaps "someday".
p.s. Sorry about "your"; it WAS sloppy. How about " A viable habitat for SOME SORT of sustainable human culture SOME time in the future. I feel a certain,...fellowship,...with the race as a whole,...leads to overgeneralized use of terms. I was speaking to a generalized audience,...not to "you" per se. "Our" ass was not a usable term as it implies some anticipated personal involvement on MY part,....the need for Geoengineering might well come into play LONG after I am personally long gone.
- 1 year ago
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remanns
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JanforGore
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remanns:
Ah, the kind of calamities we can most certainly see with geoengineering. Sorry, I do also have a view of a truly sustainably healthy clean future for our planet... that's why doing this will only make it worse as far as I can see. I see geoengineering as just another admission of human failure to do the moral responsible thing. Just another easy way out of responsibility.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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remanns
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JanforGore:
I see it as part of the expansionary thinking, willingness to strive, and scientific cultural heritage that makes culture WORTH saving to begin with.
- 1 year ago
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remanns
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JanforGore
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remanns:
Based on what? Seeding clouds is a part of cultural heritage? Weather modification? Shielding the sun that makes food grow? Spraying chemicals in the atmosphere to hide the fact that we can't stop spewing them out because we don't have the moral will and respect for culture and biodiversity to do so?
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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JanforGore
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Part 2.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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JanforGore
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Thank you for being so passionate about what is right for our planet Dr. Shiva!
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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JanforGore
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This is why you see politicians balking on clean energy or doing anything to adequately address global warming through decreasing Co2 emissions through sustainable agriculture (can't step on big ag's toes), holding polluters accountable, etc. This scheme is now being devised to afford corporate polluters a way to invest in a scheme that is not a solution but will be marketed as one in order for them to escape responsibility for decreasing their emissions. Companies like BP are looking into this as well as others to classify this as a "green" action while it is only a disguise to continue the status quo.... and a dangerous disguise it is in that playing with the Earth's atmosphere and ecosystems in this way is very risky and not assured.
It is amazing to me to watch this unfold as corporations and certain organizations looking to back this (like the Gates Foundation) are the ones scaremongering that destruction is imminent in order to fascilitate its institution (while at the same time supporting climate denier candidates to keep progress at bay in order to fascilitate their scheme as well) while people like Al Gore, Vandana Shiva, David Suzuki and others are calling for renewable energy, reforestation, sustainable agrculture, soil carbon sequestration, carbon taxes, etc. These are actually level headed SOLUTIONS and not bandaids that will heal the climate balance through natural processes rather than these junk science schemes with unknown variables and results.
It will do no good to inject anything into the atmosphere to counter CO 2 emissions if industry will still be allowed to use the atmosphere as an open sewer. It will solve nothing, but of course it will make companies huge profits, especially if any residual "problems" should arise needing a countermeasure that will again make them money. And people complain about carbon taxes to hold them accountable? Institute these schemes and companies will own everything including the food you eat and water your drink, such as it will be. See the shell game?
Geoenginneering as a course of action should not even be entertained. It is outrageous that the same companies pushing this don't seem to give a damn about taking responsibility for the pollution they dump on our planet each and every day, and that proves this is not caring about the environment to them. In the end it comes down to all of us changing our wiring and seeing that unless we too change in our initial behavior these schemes do nothing but perpetuate the very problems we started with.
Although, it does prove one thing to me: that these companies know full well that global warming is real and exacerbated by human activity. Their scam is outted .
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
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Dagum
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JanforGore:
Thank you for posting this. Geo-engineering, gets little to no media attention, yet is tested and implemented in some parts of the world.
- 1 year ago
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Dagum
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JanforGore
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Dagum:
I know, like so many other things not getting proper media attention. And why someone would mark you down for saying thank you is ridiculous.
- 1 year ago
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JanforGore
