Tech | April 28, 2011 | 20 comments

The United States' Nuclear Nightmare | Rolling Stone

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EthicalVegan
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America’s Nuclear Nightmare


The U.S. has 31 reactors just like Japan’s — but regulators are ignoring the risks and boosting industry profits
The Davis-Besse nuclear generating station in Ohio, where a football-size hole overlooked by NRC inspectors nearly caused a catastrophe in 2002
Entergy Nuclear via the NRC

By Jeff Goodell
April 27, 2011 9:00 AM ET



Five days after a massive earthquake and tsunami struck Japan, triggering the worst nuclear disaster since Chernobyl, America's leading nuclear regulator came before Congress bearing good news: Don't worry, it can't happen here. In the aftermath of the Japanese catastrophe, officials in Germany moved swiftly to shut down old plants for inspection, and China put licensing of new plants on hold. But Gregory Jaczko, the chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, reassured lawmakers that nothing at the Fukushima Daiichi reactors warranted any immediate changes at U.S. nuclear plants. Indeed, 10 days after the earthquake in Japan, the NRC extended the license of the 40-year-old Vermont Yankee nuclear reactor — a virtual twin of Fukushima — for another two decades. The license renewal was granted even though the reactor's cooling tower had literally fallen down, and the plant had repeatedly leaked radioactive fluid.



Perhaps Jaczko was simply trying to prevent a full-scale panic about the dangers of U.S. nuclear plants. After all, there are now 104 reactors scattered across the country, generating 20 percent of America's power. All of them were designed in the 1960s and '70s, and are nearing the end of their planned life expectancy. But there was one problem with Jaczko's testimony, according to Dave Lochbaum, a senior adviser at the Union of Concerned Scientists: Key elements of what the NRC chief told Congress were "a baldfaced lie."


Lochbaum, a nuclear engineer, says that Jaczko knows full well that what the NRC calls "defense in depth" at U.S. reactors has been seriously compromised over the years. In some places, highly radioactive spent fuel is stockpiled in what amounts to swimming pools located beside reactors. In other places, changes in the cooling systems at reactors have made them more vulnerable to a core meltdown if something goes wrong. A few weeks before Fukushima, Lochbaum authored a widely circulated report that underscored the NRC's haphazard performance, describing 14 serious "near-miss" events at nuclear plants last year alone. At the Indian Point reactor just north of New York City, federal inspectors discovered a water-containment system that had been leaking for 16 years.



As head of the NRC, Jaczko is the top cop on the nuclear beat, the guy charged with keeping the nation's fleet of aging nukes running safely. A balding, 40-year-old Democrat with big ears and the air of a brilliant high school physics teacher, Jaczko oversees a 4,000-person agency with a budget of $1 billion. But the NRC has long served as little more than a lap dog to the nuclear industry, unwilling to crack down on unsafe reactors. "The agency is a wholly owned subsidiary of the nuclear power industry," says Victor Gilinsky, who served on the commission during the Three Mile Island meltdown in 1979. Even President Obama denounced the NRC during the 2008 campaign, calling it a "moribund agency that needs to be revamped and has become captive of the industries that it regulates."

In the years ahead, nuclear experts warn, the consequences of the agency's inaction could be dire. "The NRC has consistently put industry profits above public safety," says Arnie Gundersen, a former nuclear executive turned whistle-blower. "Consequently, we have a dozen Fukushimas waiting to happen in America."
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20 comments // The United States' Nuclear Nightmare | Rolling Stone

  • EmileZ
    • 0
      EmileZ [removed]  
    • I dunno, to me it seems like the time is now for full scale panic!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

      Just a thought.

      (i'm waiting for that "archdruid" guy to try and reassure me)

    • 1 year ago
  • Gravity_Man
  • coolplanet
    • -2
      coolplanet  
    • Image
    • I live 50 miles from Three Mile Island. How many people died from Three Mile Island?
      Zero.
      How many people have died so far at Fukushima?

      The official death toll from Chernobyl is between 60 and 4,000 twenty-five years later.

      Meanwhile mining and burning coal kills thousands every year. Coal ash spewed from electric plants contain more radiation than waste from nuclear power plants according to the recent Scientific American.

      I also live near Johnstown, PA, where a hydroelectric dam failed, killing tens of thousands of people and wildlife in one day.

      Hysteria over radiation is blinding us to reality.

    • 1 year ago
  • Wetdog
    • -1
      Wetdog  
    • coolplanet:

      ------" The official death toll from Chernobyl is between 60 and 4,000 twenty-five years later"-------

      The official death count as published by the Ukrainian government is 985,000.

      Get your facts straight.

    • 1 year ago
  • coolplanet
    • -2
      coolplanet  
    • Wetdog:

      About a million deaths is the unofficial number when factoring in cancer claims but this number is not accepted by peer reviewed journals.
      While thyroid cancer did increase somewhat in the decade after Chernobyl just 2% died according to the data. Leukemia rates did not increase from the norm according to studies by the World Health Organization. Nor did any other cancer deaths. Google it.
      As with global warming I accept the concensus of scientists on this issue.

    • 1 year ago
  • Wetdog
  • Wetdog
    • -1
      Wetdog  
    • Image
    • coolplanet:

      http://chornobyl.in.ua/en/red-forest-in-chernobyl-zone.html

      The Red Forest---As a result of the Chernobyl accident, tens of thousands of hectares of forests have experienced massive radioactive contamination, located in the immediate vicinity of the Chernobyl NPP and stretching approximately two kilometers west of the station.

      1 hectare = 2.5 acres 10,000 hectares = 25,000 acres = 39.06 square miles.

      Zone of total Red Forest devastation = about 400 square miles.

    • 1 year ago
  • Wetdog
    • -1
      Wetdog  
    • coolplanet:

      The point is coolplanet----some types of radiation is not particularly hazardous or long lived. Some is only dangerous under certain conditions. Some statistical methods of calculation may be valid, others may not be valid. Argue all day long about it if you want.

      I say, it doesn't matter how Fukushima compares to Chernobyl----different accidents, different results.

      However, at the end of the day, radiation has been released. Some of it is short lived and not particularly dangerous. But some is. Release some radiation here, release some radiation there, release a little more over there, pretty soon, you have radiation everywhere. The more nuclear reactors you have, the greater your chances of radioactive release. The more time you have them, the more likely you are to have a release. The greater the number of reactors and the longer you have them, the closer you come to statistical certainty that sooner or later you will have major disasters.

      How brilliant is this? Let's put nuclear reactors on ships and then send them out where people are intentionally going to shoot missiles at them to try to sink them?

      Explain to me how safe THAT is.

    • 1 year ago
  • Wetdog
  • coolplanet
    • -1
      coolplanet  
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    • Wetdog:

      I'm not arguing that radiation can not be harmful.
      My point is that fossil fuel mining and burning is FAR more harmful.
      There is so much misinformation and disinformation surrounding nuclear energy and radiation that it is almost impossible to have an informed discussion about it.

    • 1 year ago
  • Wetdog
    • -1
      Wetdog  
    • coolplanet:

      -----"....... it is almost impossible to have an informed discussion about it."-------

      I am trying to have an informed and civil discussion with you coolplanet.

      I agree that coal and petroleum are also destructive and we need to get rid of them.

      I don't agree with nuclear power because it is also very dangerous in its own way.

      We have better options.

      I prefer methane, wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, and biofuels. All are renewable and sustainable. None are particularly damaging to health or the environment. We can live with them for a long, long, time.

    • 1 year ago
  • coolplanet
    • -2
      coolplanet  
    • Wetdog:

      I much prefer methane, wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, biofuel and wave energy too.

      But according to experts those technologies are still several decades away from replacing fossil fuels. The only power source available right now, besides hydro, to immediately phase out coal and oil is nuclear.

      Global warming is by far the most serious threat we face or have ever faced as a species.

      Please read what James Lovelock in 'The Revenge of Gaia' (2006) and Jim Hansen in 'Storms of My Grandchildren' (2009) have to say about nuclear power being our only hope to prevent a climate meltdown within this decade.

    • 1 year ago
  • Wetdog
    • 0
      Wetdog  
    • coolplanet:

      The "experts" are wrong coolplanet. It takes 8-10 years to bring a nuclear power plant online. Even when everything goes perfectly according to schedule. And it is terribly expensive. It is not uncommon at all for nuclear power to end up costing 3-4 times what the original cost estimate was. There are two plants planned in Florida right now---the cost estimates have more than doubled since they were approved, and not one shovel of dirt has been lifted to even begin construction. And even when they do come online, they will do nothing to replace any oil. There are no electric cars---and at the cost and rate of manufacture, there will not be any significant number of cars using electricity for 40 or 50 years.

      Nuclear power will run us into the poor house faster than anything else I can think of, and do absolutely nothing about global warming.

      We can replace coal use with natural gas easily within 5-10 years. No strip mines, no smokestacks belching toxic clouds of smoke(methane burns completely cleanly, look at a gas stove, and it contains no toxins). And using methane to produce the same amount of energy as with coal only produces 44% of the CO2. Even using fossil methane, we more than cut CO2 in half. And it is quick, cheap and easy. All we do is take out the coal grate furnaces and put in gas burners. Like a giant water heater---because that is all we are doing, boiling water. Everything else stays the same, buildings, boilers, turbines, generators, condensers, controls, grid connections. We can easily do that within 5-10 years. We already generate more power with methane than we ever have with nuclear.

      We can run our vehicles on methane. We can even use petroleum, biofuels and methane in the same engine. Multifuel vehicles are already on the road and in use by consumers in South America, Asia and Europe. Methane costs about 1/4 as much as gasoline to produce the same amount of energy. And even using fossil methane, produces only 65% of the CO2, and almost 0 other pollutants. That means no smog, anywhere. And, if all cars on the road used methane, it would be the equivalent of taking every third vehicle off the road. Oh yes, it is impossible to spill methane in water----it just bubbles up and blows away.

      And, we can make methane easily and cheaply out of any kind of biomass waste at all, including sewage and landfills. When we do that, new CO2 going into the atmosphere drops to 0.

      And fossil methane and biomethane can be mixed in any proportion with no loss of performance in any application---it is the same stuff CH4.

    • 1 year ago
  • coolplanet
    • -1
      coolplanet  
    • Wetdog:

      I am a utopian too.
      I thought 40 years ago that the world would have switched to clean energy by now.
      We baby boomers were just too busy partying to make it happen.
      Experts say it will take at least 20 years to replace fossil fuel with renewable energy.
      We don't have 20 years to reduce atmospheric carbon and prevent climate meltdown!
      Methane from landfills can not possibly supply the world's energy usage (although if we found a way to capture methane from melting tundra THAT would be different but still decades away).
      The reason it takes a nuclear power plant 6 years to be built is primarily because of environmentalist lawsuits. The argument has been made that, if environmentalists (like me) had not stopped Jimmy Carter's plan to replace fossil fuel electric generation with atomic energy, then global warming wouldn't be the emergency it is today.
      I've been a 'deep ecologist' all of my life. But I clearly see the massive mess we're in. We need to get down to earth and do the math. And research.
      All I see are a bunch of dreamers, left and right.

    • 1 year ago
  • Gravity_Man
    • -1
      Gravity_Man  
    • Wetdog:

      Hitler set the standard by which we live & operate today. Adolph Hitler rolls in the grave laughing at scientists for the Evil they do. He rolled the bowling ball, we keep playing his game, the game he showed us => the game of experimentation.

      But it did give us COMPUTERS, a widely accepted trade-off. Follow the yellow brick Hitler Road and get the instructions for math co-processors (number crunchers that run stupidly through all conceivable answers til it solves for X = experimentation).

      Looks like our scientific community has decided to break us to improve us.

    • 1 year ago
  • Gravity_Man
  • Gravity_Man
    • -1
      Gravity_Man  
    • coolplanet:

      So, do you think utopia would be a lot CLOSER if all vehicles had the equivalent of a nuclear power plant under the hood?

      I bet Wetdog would once he knew it uses all fuels like he always wants.

    • 1 year ago
  • Gravity_Man
    • -1
      Gravity_Man  
    • coolplanet:

      Birds would be in utopia if my windmill design was built. I have a design that does not kill birds in the vanes.

      I've had this design for 2+ years but since all my other engines were turned away at the gate I haven't had the wherewithal to do anything with this one.

      Apparently some people do not share your dream of utopia but, I will hand you this much => your utopia is not an unreachable goal.

      I've been standing at the gate my arms loaded down with utopia-class engines a long time. I guess I'm supposed to go searching for the head kiss up and start kissing up.

      I'll Pass.

    • 1 year ago
  • Gravity_Man
    • -1
      Gravity_Man  
    • Gravity_Man:

      Maybe the Chinese would like to have both of them, the wind machine that doesn't kill birds AND a car engine that runs up 6,000-mile trip meters per tank of gasoline. Hmm. Perhaps we could pay off the entire Chinese Debt.

      That would be sorta nice.

    • 1 year ago
  • futuregen
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